Robotic-Assisted Bronchoscopy-Guided Synchronous Biopsy and Radiofrequency Ablation for Pulmonary Nodules

This is a prospective, single-arm, open-label clinical study. The primary study objective is to evaluate the feasibility of synchronous biopsy and radiofrequency ablation for pulmonary nodules under robotic-assisted bronchoscopy.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years old; * Chest CT indicates pulmonary nodules, highly suspected of being malignant; * Size of pulmonary nodules: 8 mm \< maximum diameter ≤ 30 mm, and the number of pulmonary nodules requiring intervention ≤ 3; * Preoperative imaging evaluation indicates no clear lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis (cT1N0M0); * Multidisciplinary evaluation shows that the patient cannot tolerate surgery and radiotherapy, or the patient refuses surgery and radiotherapy after full informed consent; * The patient understands and agrees to receive synchronous biopsy and ablation treatment under robotic-assisted bronchoscopy and signs a written informed consent form. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who cannot tolerate general anesthesia due to advanced age or severe cardiopulmonary diseases, or other reasons; * The target nodule has been diagnosed as a malignant tumor or metastasis; * Patients with severe bleeding tendency or uncorrectable coagulation disorder (platelet count \< 50×10\^9 /L, prothrombin time \> 18s, prothrombin activity \< 40%); * Severe pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension; * Anticoagulant or anti-platelet drugs have not been discontinued for the required time before surgery; * Implanted cardiac pacemaker, defibrillator, or other electronic implants; * Presence of important blood vessels that cannot be avoided along the biopsy path; * Other conditions that the investigators consider not suitable for the patient to participate in this study.