PIECES - Towards Large-Scale Adaptation and Tailored Implementation of Primary Cancer Prevention Programs

The PIECES project aims to evaluate the Primary Cancer Prevention Implementation Toolkit (PCP-IT), an online implementation support toolkit that aids implementation teams in improving the implementation of primary cancer prevention programs (PCPs). The primary aim of the PIECES study is to support and learn from the process of selecting, adapting, and implementing existing evidence-based programs to improve implementation outcomes and by that, improve the reach and effectiveness of primary cancer prevention programmes in real-world settings. The study objectives are: 1. To assess whether the PCP-IT is usable and if implementation teams are satisfied with the tool; 2. To assess what works for whom in using the PCP-IT for selecting, adapting, and implementing PCP programs; 3. To assess whether the PCP-IT is feasible and effective in improving acceptability, adoption, penetration, and sustainable implementation of the PCP programs. The PCP-IT will be used by various implementation settings across 9 countries (8 European countries and Australia). A multi-site case comparison design is used to generate in-depth knowledge about the performance and working mechanisms of the PCP-IT. Similarities, differences, and patterns across the different implementation sites will be investigated using a Realist Evaluation approach.

A range of modifiable factors are associated with cancer incidence among the population of the European Union (EU) and beyond. These include: 1) tobacco smoking and exposure to second-hand smoke, 2) alcohol consumption, 3) poor physical activity, 4) HPV infection, 5) sun exposure, and 6) poor diet. Various Primary Cancer Prevention (PCP) programs are currently available to address these risk factors with proven effectiveness. Decision-makers and implementers face the challenge of: 1) selecting appropriate and suitable programs, 2) tailoring the programs to the local context and consulting stakeholders, and 3) developing a tailored plan (i.e., strategies) for effectively implementing the selected and adapted PCP program. The lack of guidance and support for this complex and time-consuming process leads to two undesired outcomes: 1) the selection of ineffective or poorly adapted PCP programs, and 2) the application of ineffective implementation strategies that do not target local and context-dependent barriers to implementation. These scenarios are likely to reduce the effectiveness of primary cancer prevention programs in real-world settings, leading to inefficiencies and failing to prevent new cancer cases. The PIECES project involves the development and evaluation of an online implementation support toolkit (the Primary Cancer Prevention Implementation Toolkit (PCP-IT)). The PCP-IT aims to support implementation teams in improving the implementation of primary cancer prevention programs (PCPs). The PCP-IT builds upon the theory-base and the proven to be effective ItFits tool. The PCP-IT encompasses a total of six modules. The modules are designed to guide implementers through the process of selecting and adapting PCP programs, identifying and addressing barriers, and developing and applying tailored implementation strategies. The core resources contributing to the generative mechanisms of the toolkit include: 1) a repository of primary cancer prevention programs, 2) a repository of determinants of practice, 3) a repository of implementation strategies, 4) stakeholder consultation at all stages, 5) an online community of implementation practitioners, and 6) structured stepped process flows, instructions, examples and worksheets for working with the materials. In the PIECES study, a multi-site case comparison design is chosen to generate in-depth knowledge about the performance and working mechanisms of the PCP-IT. Similarities, differences, and patterns across the cases (i.e. different implementation settings) will be investigated using a Realist Evaluation approach. A pre/post-test measure will be applied to descriptively assess implementation outcomes. A time horizon of two years is selected to assess change over time. The PCP-IT will be used in various countries and implementation settings, aiming for a rich representation of healthcare systems (Spain, the Netherlands, Albania, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Italy, Ukraine, Germany (3 setting Покажи пълното описание...

Inclusion Criteria: * User of the PCP-IT, involved in implementation of PCP programs. Exclusion Criteria: * None.