Testing the Addition of the Anti-cancer Drug Venetoclax and/or the Anti-cancer Immunotherapy Blinatumomab to the Usual Chemotherapy Treatment for Infants With Newly Diagnosed KMT2A-rearranged or KMT2A-non-rearranged Leukemia
Фаза 2 – изследване на ефективността и дозировката
Заболявания:
Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage
B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Спонсор: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Налично на:
БГ
Обобщение
This phase II trial tests the addition of venetoclax and/or blinatumomab to usual chemotherapy for treating infants with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a KMT2A gene rearrangement (KMT2A-rearranged \[R\]) or without a KMT2A gene rearrangement (KMT2A-germline \[G\]). Venetoclax is in a class of medications called B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) inhibitors. It may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking Bcl-2, a protein needed for cancer cell survival. Blinatumomab is a monoclonal antibody that may interfere with the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. Chemotherapy drugs work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Adding venetoclax and/or blinatumomab to standard chemotherapy may be more effective at treating patients with ALL than standard chemotherapy alone, but it may also cause more side effects. This clinical trial evaluates the safety and effectiveness of adding venetoclax and/or blinatumomab to chemotherapy for the treatment of infants with KMT2A-R or KMT2A-G ALL.
Описание
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To evaluate the safety and tolerability of venetoclax in addition to a standard chemotherapy backbone and two cycles of blinatumomab in infants (aged 365 days or less at diagnosis) with newly diagnosed KMT2A-R ALL.
II. To determine in a randomized manner if the addition of venetoclax to induction chemotherapy improves end of induction minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative remission rates in infants with KMT2A-R ALL.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To estimate the MRD-negative remission rate for all eligible infants with KMT2A-R ALL treated with venetoclax at the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D).
II. To compare event free survival (EFS) rates of infants with KMT2A-R ALL treated on arm B to those treated on arm A.
III. To compare 3-year EFS rates of infants with KMT2A-R ALL treated on arm A to historical controls.
IV. To determine the feasibility of treating infants with KMT2A-G ALL with a Children's Oncology Group (COG) high risk ALL chemotherapy backbone and two cycles of blinatumomab and estimate the 3-year EFS rate of infants with KMT2A-G ALL treated on arm C.
V. To characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of venetoclax in infants.
EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:
I. To describe 3-year EFS rate of infants with KMT2A-R ALL treated on arm B. II. To evaluate the use of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) for MRD detection in infant ALL compared to centralized flow cytometry.
III. To characterize the PK of calaspargase pegol-mknl in infants with ALL. IV. To report the incidence of CD19 negative relapse and myeloid switch relapse with protocol therapy.
V. To evaluate the impact of venetoclax in combination with chemotherapy on T-cell subsets and function.
VI. To describe the feasibility of T-cell collection and success of T-cell manufacturing for infants with KMT2A-R ALL who receive chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T- cell therapy after coming off protocol therapy.
VII. To determine predictors of response and resistance to venetoclax and overall protocol therapy.
VIII. To evaluate the impact of subsequent anti-cancer therapy on overall survival after coming off protocol therapy.
OUTLINE:
STEROID PREPHASE: All patients receive prednisone or prednisolone orally (PO) or nasogastrically (NG) three times daily (TID) or methylprednisolone intravenously (IV) TID for 7 days prior to the start of induction therapy (on days 1-7).
Patients who are KMT2A gene rearrangement positive are assigned to the safety phase cohort during the safety phase of the study, or randomized between Arm A and Arm B during the expansion phase of the study. Patients who are KMT2A gene rearrangement negative are assigned to Arm C.
SAFETY PHASE COHORT:
INDUCTION: Patients receive venetoclax PO or NG once daily (QD) on days 1-7, 1-10, or 1-14, daunorubicin IV over 1-15 minutes on days 1 and 2, vincristine IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22, dexamethasone PO, NG, or IV TID on days 1-28, calaspargase pegol IV over 1-2 hours on day 4, and intrathecal therapy (methotrexate,
Кой може да участва
Inclusion Criteria:
* All patients must be enrolled on APEC14B1 and consented to eligibility screening (part A) prior to treatment and enrollment on AALL2321
* Infants (aged 365 days or less) on the date of diagnosis are eligible; infants must be \> 36 weeks gestational age at the time of enrollment
* Patients must have newly diagnosed B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL, 2017 World Health Organization \[WHO\] classification), also termed B-precursor ALL, or acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage (ALAL), which includes mixed phenotype acute leukemia. For patients with ALAL, the immunophenotype of the leukemia must comprise at least 50% B lineage
* Diagnostic immunophenotype: Leukemia cells must express CD19
Exclusion Criteria:
* Patients with Down Syndrome
* Patients with secondary B-ALL that developed after treatment of a prior malignancy with cytotoxic chemotherapy
* Patients must not have received any cytotoxic chemotherapy for either the current diagnosis of infant ALL or for any cancer diagnosis prior to the initiation of protocol therapy, with the exception of:
* Steroid pretreatment:
* PredniSONE, prednisoLONE, or methylPREDNISolone for ≤ 72 hours (3 days) in the 7 days prior to enrollment. The dose of predniSONE, prednisoLONE or methylPREDNISolone does not affect eligibility
* Inhaled and topical steroids are not considered pretreatment
* Note: Pretreatment with dexamethasone in the 28 days prior to initiation of protocol therapy is not allowed with the exception of a single dose of dexamethasone used during or within 6 hours prior to or after sedation to prevent or treat airway edema. However, prior exposure to ANY steroids that occurred \> 28 days before enrollment does not affect eligibility
* Intrathecal cytarabine or methotrexate:
* An intrathecal dose of cytarabine or methotrexate in the 7 days prior to enrollment does not affect eligibility
* Note: The preference is to defer the diagnostic lumbar puncture with intrathecal chemotherapy to day 1 of induction to allow for cytoreduction of circulating blasts and decrease the potential for central nervous system (CNS) contamination due to a traumatic tap. If done prior to day 1 of induction, these results will be used to determine CNS status
* Hydroxyurea:
* Pretreatment with ≤ 72 hours (3 days) of hydroxyurea in the 7 days prior to enrollment does not affect eligibility
* All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
* All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met
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